Monthly Archives: September 2011

Retractable Shares: The Unexpected Creditor

By Richard Dusome of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP

When structuring a new financing for a corporate borrower, lenders typically obtain postponements from all other creditors and shareholders advancing loans to the proposed borrower.  Postponements establish the lender’s priority to receive payment from the borrower vis-à-vis these other known creditors.

However, some shareholders who have not actually advanced loans to the borrower may still hold shares that contain a right of retraction that will require the borrower, at the shareholder’s option,  to purchase the retractable shares at a pre-arranged price following the issuance of an exercise notice.  The retraction serves to create a new debt obligation out of what was originally an equity holding.

Guarantor Waivers of PPSA Rights in British Columbia

By Mike Todd of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP

Lenders should be aware that one of the waivers found in most standard form guarantees of certain statutory rights is not effective under the British Columbia Personal Property Security Act (“BCPPSA”).

This was the result in the recent BC Supreme Court decision HSBC Bank Canada v. Kupritz. The facts of that case are unremarkable. A trucking company went out of business leaving an unpaid debt to the bank of approximately $1 million. The bank was unable to recover that amount from the company’s assets and therefore sued the two principals of the company on their unlimited guarantees. One of the principals defended the claim on the basis that the bank had breached its obligations to him under the BCPPSA by failing to secure the company’s assets, improvidently realizing on the collateral seized, failing to provide notice of the impending sale of the collateral and failing to provide an accounting.

Banks Have Right To Hold Tight In Paying Cheques – Ontario Court holds that banks need not bear the risks of cheques being dishonored

By Lisa Brost and Jeffrey Levine of McMillan LLP

Generally speaking, banks’ customers have no immediate right to the proceeds of the cheques that they deposit. Under the terms of most banking services agreements, banks can place holds on cheques deposited by their clients for a reasonable period of time. Further, even if a hold is not put on a cheque, any advance of credit by a bank on deposit of a cheque is usually provisional in nature. The cheque may still be returned, or dishonoured, by the bank on which the cheque is drawn, leaving the bank that provided provisional credit in respect of the cheque with recourse to recover such amount from its client.

These guiding principles of the cheque payment process were recently considered by the Ontario Superior Court of Justice in Re*Collections Inc v The Toronto-Dominion Bank.1 The plaintiffs in this action moved to certify a class action against three of Canada’s six major banks (the “Banks”). In the proposed class action, the plaintiffs sought to recover profits that the Banks allegedly earned at their customers’ expense through use of the proceeds of held cheques between the time that cheques were deposited by their customers and the time that the proceeds of the cheques were made available to the customers.

Sloppy Accounting Costs Developer – Construction Lien Act Protects Parties Down The Chain

By Jason J. Annibale and Allison Worone (summer student) of McMillan LLP

[Ed. note: I believe this also serves as a cautionary tale for anyone who oversees payments in any industry, not just those subject to construction trusts.]

Developers and others with payment obligations in the construction pyramid (payors) can better manage their risk and exposure by ensuring that their payment and accounting practices are well-managed and clear – particularly given the Ontario Court of Appeal’s recent decision in Colautti Construction Ltd v Ashcroft Development Inc . 1 As Colautti confirms, payors must clearly allocate their payments to particular invoices or debts. Failing to do so may in certain circumstances allow those entitled to payment (payees) to apply received payments to other outstanding accounts – even where such accounts are due on other contracts or where the accounts have been outstanding past the two-year limitation period in which a claim for payment could be made. Colautti also cautions that payors who comingle project monies received with other funds, may be found to have breached their trust obligations owed to their payees under the Construction Lien Act . 2

Top Ten Tips for Dealing with Business Method Patents in Canada

By  Grant W. C. Tisdall & Christopher C. Van Barr of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP

Will Canada Become a Haven for Non-Practicing Entities to Litigate Their Claims?

This list of top ten issues will canvass the law of business method patents in Canada and will consider the impact of the recent Amazon case on your business.

1.         Understand that Canada is open to business (method patents).

With its thorough and, at times, bracing decision in Amazon, the Federal Court of Canada affirmed that business methods are patentable subject matter in Canada. In its decision, the Court overturned the Patent Appeal Board’s decision to refuse the Amazon application and virtually chastised the Board for entering “into policy-making which stands to fundamentally affect the Canadian patent regime.” The Court noted that “the Patent Act is not static; it must be applied in ways that recognize changes in technology such as the move from the industrial age to the electronic one of today.”

Read the full article – Top Ten Tips for Dealing with Business Method Patents in Canada

Canada Introduces New Forms to Be Used to Obtain Treaty Benefits, Including by Partnerships and Hybrid Entities

By Henry Chong of Gowling Lafleur Henderson LLP

The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) recently introduced new forms NR301, NR302, and NR303 (collectively the ‘‘NRs’’), which can be completed by a nonresident person, or by a partnership or hybrid entity with nonresident owners, seeking to obtain the benefits of reduced withholding rates on passive income under an income tax treaty. The new forms are part of a change in the CRA’s policy for administering Canada’s nonresident withholding tax regime following the Fifth Protocol to the Canada-U.S. Income Tax Treaty. The new NRs are similar in form to the W-8s in the United States. However, unlike the W-8s, which are part of a regulatory framework for the withholding of taxes in the United States, the NRs were not created by statute or regulation and were not accompanied by any changes to the withholding tax obligations under the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the ‘‘Act’’)1 or regulations. Thus, the purpose of the forms is unclear. They do not appear to have any legal effect other than as a convenient method for setting out and providing the information required to obtain reduced treaty rates under Canada’s withholding tax regime. Whether they evolve into something more may only become apparent with time.

Read the full article:  Canada Introduces New Forms to Be Used to Obtain Treaty Benefits, Including by Partnerships and Hybrid Entities

Sales Thought – An Early Lesson

by Nick Miller of Clarity Advantage

In which we are reminded to focus first on relationship and value demonstration, then on the commissionable task.

On a spring afternoon long decades ago, we sat almost knee to knee in a hotel lobby after a sales and marketing conference we’d both attended. She, leaning back, almost lounging, on a hotel lobby couch. I, sitting on the edge of an arm chair, facing her, leaning forward. She reached into her purse, fished around, and pulled out a pencil.

“Sell me this.” Her eyes barely moved.

I looked at the pencil. It was a standard yellow wood #2 pencil that, in her hand, looked as big as a shovel.

“Come on,” she purred, extending her pencil-bearing hand toward me. “Sell me this pencil. It can be anything you want.”

The Ideal Business Banking Account Manager

Here are a few characteristics of the ideal banking account manager for a business, based on feedback from the businesses I work with:

  • Returns your calls promptly
  • Answers your questions with clarity and authority
  • Always has time to consult with you about your needs and performance
  • Suggests techniques for innovative loan structuring

Sales Thought – Home Ice

by Nick Miller of Clarity Advantage

In which we are reminded that, to win in a competitive situation, we need to build our fan base inside our prospects’ organizations well before we make our move to sell.

The Boston Bruins (National Hockey League defending Stanley Cup champions this year) began their training camp last Friday.  The seventh (final) game of their 2011 Stanley Cup series against the Vancouver Canucks was electrifying hockey, whether one was rooting Bruins or Canucks, and Boston’s win at the end was a surprise because… .through the first six games, each team had won on its home ice,  the seventh was game was played in Vancouver, and, in the National Hockey League, home teams win 59% of the time. Home ice advantage.  Fifty-nine percent!

Shocked?  Well hang on. If you’re a National Basketball Association fan, home teams win 62.7% of the time.  Almost TWO THIRDS of the games are won by home teams.  Home court advantage. And it’s about the same in the WNBA as well. Amazing, eh?

Sales Thought – Matted Down

by Nick Miller of Clarity Advantage

In which we are reminded to follow our “broad” questions with very specific questions that tease out the detailed facts we need to propose value-based solutions.

With apologies to y’all in Texas and other states who haven’t had rain or grass for a couple of years:

I mowed our  lawn on Saturday. Beautiful day for mowing, just a little bit of cool fall air with brilliant September sunshine.   Thanks to recent rains and the fall dose of lime and fertilizer, our lawn is thickly green, punctuated with early fall leaves.

One small hitch in the giddy-up.  The ride-on lawn mower we use for grass and leaves at this time of year features wide front and rear tires that matt down the grass so that the mower blades ride over the matted grass which can get pretty long, even when we’re mowing weekly. So, after we mow, we rake portions of the grass, teasing up the matted down long bits so that we can clip them with hand-clippers or mow them with the standard rotary mower.

Sales Thought – Totally Concrete

by Nick Miller of Clarity Advantage

In which we are reminded to clarify terms we don’t understand before presenting ideas.

One person’s golf is another person’s word play – meaning, I love a good pun as much as my golfing friends love a good drive or putt.  I love rough puns a lot more than my friends enjoy hitting balls into the tall grass.

Anyhoo, a couple of weeks ago, during the “warming up” stage of a conference call, a few of us on the line began fooling around with puns and plays on words we remembered hearing from our elementary school children.

One of the group offered:

Two fish swim into a concrete wall. The one turns to the other and says, “Dam!”

The folks on the line guffawed appropriately.

Another offered: